There's no cure for osteogenesis imperfecta. Treatment is based on a child's specific symptoms, and can include physical therapy and mobility aides, occupational therapy, medicine, and surgery. The goal is to prevent fractures, treat them properly when they do happen, preserve mobility and independence, and strengthen bones and muscles.
The treatment team might include a primary care doctor, an orthopedist, rehabilitation specialists, an endocrinologist, a geneticist, a neurologist, and a pulmonologist.
Preventing broken bones
Preventing bone fractures is key for people with OI. They can lower their risk of broken bones by:
- Avoiding activities that put them at risk for a fall or collision, or put too much stress on the bones
- Doing low-impact exercises (such as swimming) to build muscle strength and mobility and increase bone strength
Handling fractures
When bones do break, it's important to treat them right away with casts, splints, and braces. Orthopedists (doctors who specialize in treating bone problems) might recommend using lightweight versions of these devices that allow some movement during healing.
Physical Therapy
Physical therapy (PT) can be helpful for many kids with OI. It can build muscle strength, which helps maintain function, promote aerobic fitness, and improve breathing. Kids who need them can learn how to use mobility aides and assistive devices. In younger kids, PT can help with motor skill development.
Medicines
Doctors might prescribe bone-strengthening medicines to increase bone density and further reduce the chances of fractures. Some people will need treatment to maintain bone strength for the rest of their lives.
Surgery
Sometimes, surgery is needed to repair a broken bone or fix a deformity. Surgeons also might place metal rods into long bones (like the femur, tibia, and humerus) to prevent breaks. Surgery also can correct dental problems from brittle teeth, and help with hearing problems.